GLOSSARY
AE (Automatic Exposure) lock Used to hold an automatically controlled shutter
speed and/or aperture. Recommended when the photographer wants to control an exposure
based on a scene's particular brightness area with Center-Weighted or Spot Metering.
Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash A type of TTL auto flash operation which uses
the camera's exposure meter to control ambient light exposure settings, integrated
with flash exposure control. That is, flash output level is automatically compensated
to balance with ambient light, resulting in a better exposure for both subject and
background. Nikon's Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash system includes: 3D Multi-Sensor
Balanced Fill-Flash, Multi-Sensor Balanced FillFlash, Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash,
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash and Spot Fill-Flash. 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash
and Mull Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash together comprise Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash
with TTL Multi Sensor. Performance varies with the combination of camera body, Speedlight
and lens used.
Balanced Fill-Flash operation A flash photography technique that balances
flash illumination with the scene's ambient light. This automatic operation utilizes
the F5's Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash System with TTL Multi Sensor and a compatible
Nikon TTL Speedlight
Continuous Servo AF Focus detection continues as long as shutter release button
is lightly pressed and the reflex mirror is in the viewing position. Useful when
the camera-to-subject distance is likely to charge.
CPU Central Processing Unit. The electronic component that controls an electronic
product's functions.
AF Nikkor (including D-type AF Nikkor) and Ai-P Nikkor lenses have built-in
CPUs.
Depth of
field The zone. of sharpest focus in front of, behind, and around the subject
on which the lens is focused can be previewed in the F5 and some other Nikon cameras.
D-type AF Nil lenses AF Nikkor that send Distance information to the F5's
microcomputer. Used for 3D Color Matrix Metering or 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Filled-Flash
(with Nikon SB-28, SB-27/SB-26/ SP-25 Speedlights (flash)
DX code Film information printed on film cartridge. When the F5 is set to
its automatic film speed setting mode and if film is loaded, it senses the film speed
(SO 25 to 5000).
EV Exposure Value: A number representing the available combinations
of shutter speeds and apertures that give the same exposure effect under conditions
of similar scene brightness and ISO. At ISO 100, the combination of a one-second
shutter speed and an aperture of f/1.4 is defined as EV1. The camera may be used
only within the EV range of the exposure meter. For example, with the F5, the exposure
metering range is from EV0 to EV20 for 3D Color Matrix Metering and Center-Weighted
Metering, at ISO 100 with an 50mm f/1.4 lens.
Exposure bracketing Shooting the same subject at a range of different exposures.
The F5 camera provides Auto Exposure Bracketing Exposure Bracketing.
Auto Exposure Bracketing: Auto Exposure Bracketing performs automatic exposure
bracketing with varied shutter speed and/or aperture.
Flash Exposure Bracketing: Enables a photographer to automatically bracket
exposures at varied flash output levels, in TTL auto flash shooting, without changing
the shutter speed and/or aperture.
Exposure compensation
Exposure compensation for available light is activated by changing the shutter speed
and/or lens aperture. This is core by using AE-UAF-L (Auto Exposure/Autofocus Lock)
button or exposure compensation button, or by Auto Exposure Bracketing. In flash
photography with a Nikon-dedicated TTL Speedlight, exposure compensation can also
be performed by varying the amount of flash output. Camera-originated exposure compensation
affects both the foreground subject and the background; variations in flash output
amount affect only the foreground.
Exposure control: -
Programmed Auto: Camera sets both shutter speed and aperture for correct exposure.
Shutter-Priority Auto: User selects shutter speed and camera sets matching
lens aperture for correct exposure.
Aperture-Priority Auto: User selects aperture and camera sets matching shutter
speed for correct exposure.
Manual: User selects both shutter speed and aperture, following or ignoring
the meter's recommendations to achieve the desired exposure.
Fill-Flash A method of flash photography that combines flash illumination
and ambient light, but does not attempt to balance these two types of illumination.
Flash output level compensation A control used to adjust a TTL auto flash
operation, enabling an increase or decrease of flash output to lighten or darken
the flash effect.
Flash shooting distance range The distance range over which a flash can effectively
provide light. Flash shooting distance range is controlled by the amount of flash
output available. Each automatic Speedlights flash output varies from maximum duration
to minimum duration. Close-up subjects will require lower (to minimum) output, while
more distant subjects will require more light up to the maximum output. The flash
shooting distance range varies with the aperture, film speed, etc.
Flash synchronization Timing of the flash so it coincides with release of the
camera's shutter. There are two types of synchronization: Front-Curtain Sync, which
fires the flash at the start of the exposure, and Rear-Curtain Sync, which fires
the flash at the end of the exposure
Flash sync speed Shutter speed at which the entire film frame is exposed when
the flash is fired in flash shooting. The F5's flash sync speed is 1/250 sec. or
slower, changeable to 1/300 sec. with the Custom Setting.
Flexible Program Flexible Program function temporarily shifts an automatically
selected shutter speed/aperture combination while maintaining correct exposure. That
is, a desired shutter speed or aperture can be selected in Programmed Auto exposure
mode.
Focus-Priority for autofocus Shutter cannot be released until the subject
is in focus. For situations when an in-focus subject is important. With the F5 camera
body, Focus-Priority is given to Single Servo AF mode while Release-Priority is giver
to Continuous Servo AF. Using Custom Setting, however, you can change the priority
to Release-Priority Single Servo AF or Focus-Priority Continuous Servo AF.
Focus Tracking Enables the camera to analyze the speed of the moving subject
according to the focus data detected, and to obtain correct focus by anticipating
the subject's position-and driving the lens to that position-at the exact moment
of exposure.
f-number The numbers on the lens aperture ring and in the camera's LCD that
indicate the relative size of the lens aperture opening. The f-number is a geometric
progression based or changes in the size of the lens aperture, as it is opened and
closed. As the scale rises, each number is multiplied by a factor of 1.4. The standard
numbers for calibration are 1.0, 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32, etc., and
each change results in a doubling or having of the amount of light transmitted by
the lens.
Focal length The distance from the principal point to the focal point. In
35mm-format cameras, lenses with a focal length of approx. 50mm are called normal
or standard lenses. Lenses with a focal length less than approx. 35mm are called
wideangle lenses, and lenses with a focal length more than approx. 85mm are called
telephoto lenses. Lenses which allow the user to continuously vary the focal length
without changing focus are called zoom lenses.
Front-Curtain Sync The flash fires an instant after the front curtain of a
focal plane shutter has completed its travel across the film plane. This is the way
the F5 operates with the flash sync mode at Normal Sync. (See "Rear-Curtain
Sync".)
Guide number The guide number indicates the power of a flash in relation to
ISO film speed. Guide numbers are quoted in either meters or feet. Guide numbers
are used to calculate the f/stop for correct exposure as follows:
Using a selected aperture, we can calculate the required flash-to-subject distance
with the formula~
Useful for determining the maximum flash-to-subject distance for flash photography.
ISO film speed The International standard for representing film sensitivity.
The higher the number, the greater the sensitivity, and vice versa. A film speed
of ISO 200 is twice as sensitive as ISO 100, and half that of ISO 400 film.
LCD Liquid Crystal Display. The F5 has three: the panels on
top and at the rear of the camera body, and inside the viewfinder.
Manual flash Flash output is controlled manually in manual flash mode, unlike
In auto flash mode, where flash output power varies automatically according to the
selected aperture. Some Speedlights, including the Nikon SB-28, SB-27, S13-26, SB-25,
SB-24 and SB-20, provide selectable manual outputs (full, 1 /2, 1/4, 118, 1/16, etc.),
while others provide full manual output only.
Matrix Metering system An advanced exposure metering system using a multi-segment
sensor and computer. Available In the F5 and other Nikon SLR cameras. 3D Color Matrix
Metering: With Multi-Meter Finder DP-30 and D-type AF Nikkor lenses, 3D Color Matrix
Metering is automatically activated with the F5. With the classic techniques of evaluating
for 18% reflectance, factors such as brightness and contrast are primarily used to
determine exposure. In addition, it is essential to evaluate each scene's esthetic
factors such as color to get the best exposure. The shadows of a building, cool with
blue. A panoramic landscape with a bright blue sky. Or a winter scene covered with
pristine white snow. The F5's 3D Color Matrix Meter evaluates not only each scene's
brightness and contrast but, using a special Red-Green-Blue (RGB) sensor, it also
evaluates the scene's colors. Then its powerful microcomputer and database together
guide it to unequaled exposure control.
Monitor Pre-flash(es) When performing Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash with TTL
Multi Sensor, the Speedlight fires a series of scarcely visible preflashes to enable
the camera's computer to pre-analyze the scene. The TTL Multi Sensor inside the camera
body reads the amount of reflected light, then the camera's microcomputer determines
the area of the TTL sensor to be used for flash output control and adjusts the flash
output level. The Monitor Pre-flashes are visible but not recognizable.
Rear-Curtain Sync Flash fires an instant before the second (rear) curtain
of the focal plane shutter begins to move. When slow shutter speeds are used, this
feature can create a blur effect from the ambient light, I.e., a flowing-light patterns
following a moving subject with subject movement frozen at the end of the light flow.
(See 'Front Sync".)
Release-Priority for autofocus Shutter can be released anytime (i.e., even
when subject is not in focus). Helps you avoid missed opportunities when you are
not concerned with absolute focusing precision. With the F5 camera body, Release-Priority
is given to Continuous Servo AF mode while Focus-Priority is given to Single Serve
AF. Using Custom Setting, however, you can change the priority to Focus-Priority
Continuous Servo AF or Release-Priority Single Servo AF.
Single Servo AF Once the subject Is in focus, focus is locked. Useful for
recomposing the picture.
Slow Sync A flash technique for using the flash at a slow shutter speed. Flash
shooting in dim light or at night at a fast shutter speed often results in a flash-illuminated
subject against a dark background. Using a slower shutter speed with the flash brings
out the background details in the picture. Use of a slow shutter speed with Rear-Curtain
Sync is particularly effective for illustrating the movement of a stream of light.
The F5's Slow Sync mode extends the automatically controlled shutter speed range
(in Programmed Auto and Aperture-Priority Auto) down to 30 sec.
SLR Single Lens
Reflex. A type of camera that allows you to see through the camera's lens as
you look in the camera's viewfinder. Other camera functions, such as light metering
and flash control, also operate through the camera's lens.
Standard TTL flash A type of TTL auto flash that does not apply any automatic
flash output level compensation. Flash output is controlled independently from the
ambient light exposure measurement and, In most cases, illuminates a subject somewhat
more strongly than with Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash, making the subject stand out
distinctly from the background.
TTL Through-the-Lens. Most SLR cameras have built-in meters which measure
light after it has passed through the lens, a feature that enables exposure readings
to be taken from the actual image about to be recorded on film, whatever the lens
angle of view and regardless of whether a filter is used or not.
TTL auto flash The camera's light sensor measures flash illumination, as reflected
by the subject on the film and shuts off the flash when measurement indicates a correct
exposure. Because the sensor that controls the flash receives light through the lens,
TTL auto flash can be used for bounce flash photography, Fill-Flash, multiple flash
photography, etc. An additional advantage of TTL auto flash is that it enables you
to use a wide range of aperture settings, while ensuring correct exposure.
Vignetting Progressively diminished illumination on the film from the center
to the corners. There are two kinds of vignetting-natural vignetting caused by the
lens, and vignetting that is caused by improper use of accessories such as a lens
hood or filter.
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Nikon Manual Focus Nikkor lenses:- Fisheye-Nikkor Lenses - Circular | Full Frame |
Ultrawides Lenses - 13mm15mm18mm20mm | Wideangle Lenses - 24mm28mm35mm | Standard Lenses - 45mm 50mm 58mm | Telephoto
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Special
Application lenses: Micro-Nikkor Lenses - 50mm~55mm -60mm 85mm -105mm 200mm Micro-Zoom 70-180mm Perspective Control (PC) - 28mm 35mm PC-Micro 85mm Dedicated Lenses for Nikon F3AF: AF 80mm f/2.8 | AF 200mm f/3.5 EDIF Depth of Field Control (DC): 105mm 135mm Medical Nikkor: 120mm 200mm Reflex-Nikkor Lenses - 500mm 1000mm 2000mm Others: Noct Nikkor | OP-Nikkor | UV Nikkor 55mm 105mm | Focusing Units | Bellows-Nikkor 105mm 135mm Nikon Series E Lenses: 28mm35mm50mm100mm135mm | E-Series Zoom lenses: 36~72mm75~150mm70~210mm |
MF Zoom-Nikkor Lenses: 25~50mm | 28~45mm | 28~50mm | 28~85mm | 35~70mm | 36~72mm E | 35~85mm | 35~105mm | 35~135mm | 35~200mm | 43~86mm | 50~135mm | 50~300mm | 70~210mm E | 75~150mm E | 80~200mm | 85~250mm | 100~300mm | 180~600mm | 200~400mm | 200~600mm | 360~1200mm | 1200~1700mm
Tele-Converters: TC-1 | TC-2 | TC-200 | TC-201 | TC-300 | TC-301 | TC-14 | TC-14A | TC-14B | TC-14C | TC-14E | TC-16 | TC-16A | TC-20E
Recommended links to understand more technical details
related to the Nikkor F-mount and production Serial Number:
http://rick_oleson.tripod.com/index-153.html by: my
friend, Rick Oleson
http://www.zi.ku.dk/personal/lhhansen/photo/fmount.htm by: Hansen,
Lars Holst
http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/hardwares/nikonfmount/lens2.htm
http://www.photosynthesis.co.nz/nikon/serialno.html
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A resource dedicated to my kids, Alvin Foo & Esther Foo- one day,
BOTH might need to use all these information for his/her Nikon F5A camera.
Volunteered Maintainer(s) for the Nikon F5 Message Board: Tony Davies-Patrick, UK; Rick Oleson, US; Koh Kho King, Malaysia.
Credit: Mr. Chuck Hester, US for his text re-editing skill for this site; Our staff, HowKiat® who created the 3D-Nikon F5 logo. Mr. Lew Chee Wai of YL camera for lending his F5 for me to take some shots appeared in this site. All those nice folks who have contributed their images, in particular Mr. Mike Long, Edwin leong, Palmi Einarsson, Sergio Pessolano, Fred Kamphues, Harry Eggens, Curtis Forrester, Nick (Natures Moments), Sandra Bartocha; fellow countrymen, Vincent Thian, Koh Kho King, Philip Chong, CY Leow etc. and contributions from a few nice folks from Photo Malaysia Forum. Disclaimers & acknowledgments: Certain content and images appeared in this site were either scanned from official marketing leaflets, brochures published by Nikon and/or contribution from surfers who claimed originality of their own work for public publishing in this website, where majority of the extracted information are used basing on educational merits. The creator of this site will not be responsible for any discrepancies that may arise from any possible dispute except rectifying them after verification from respective source. Neither Nikon or its associates has granted any permission(s) in using their public information nor has any interest in the creation of this site. "Nikon", "Nikkormat", "Nippon Kokagu KK" "Silent Wave", "Focus Tracking Lock-on", "Nikkor" & other applicable technical/business terms are registered trade name(s) of Nikon Corporation Inc., Japan. Site made with an Apple G5 IMac.
